Vibrant Victorians

Museum gallery displaying 18th-century Welsh history and culture. At the centre, a mannequin dressed in a striking purple historical gown stands inside a glass display case. Surrounding exhibits include framed portraits in ornate gold frames, a wooden settle chair, a display cabinet containing historical artefacts, and a dresser filled with blue-and-white ceramic plates and cups.

It’s easy to think that life during the 1800s was dreary and dull from the stern faces that stare back at us from black and white photos. However, it was full of bright colours!

Scientific discoveries made during the Industrial Revolution led to the invention of synthetic dyes. These new pigments were used to create vivid fabrics, wallpapers and paints which were available to everyone to decorate their homes in a riot of pattern and colour.

Not all colours were safe. No one realised at the time that the toxic chemicals, such as arsenic, used to make green, could cause serious health issues including organ failure and even death.

Vintage black Singer sewing machine with gold decorative detailing, displayed on a wooden table against a red floral-patterned background.

Singer Treadle Sewing Machine

The singer sewing machine became a prized possession in the late 1800s. It allowed people to make clothes cheaply at home rather than buying hand sewn creations. However, it also contributed to sweat shop conditions as manufacturers rose to meet the demands of ready to wear fashion.

Close-up of a blue patterned waistcoat with a cream floral and scroll design, showing the collar and front fastening detail

Men’s waistcoats

Men wore waistcoats in bright colours and intricate designs to display their wealth and express their own personal style.

Close-up of a purple and black striped garment displayed on a mannequin, featuring black trim at the neckline and decorative tassel fastenings down the front.

Purple and black striped dress c.1865

Mauve was the first synthetic dye to be created by accident by William Henry Perkin in 1856. Until then, purple was only worn by royalty as it was so expensive. Now everyone could afford it, it became very popular. Unfortunately, it was also very toxic.

Behind the Scenes

A lot of work goes into ensuring that costumes are in the best possible condition for display. It's not just the conservation work on the fabrics and stitching, it's also the cleaning and presentation of the piece, including how it will fit on a mannequin.

Below is our conservation team in action assembling the separate layers of garments before moving the display into position in the 19th Century Gallery!